Analyzing Fluoride-Induced Toxicity in Human Health: Case Studies and Applied Interventions for Safe Drinking Water

Dr. Rajesh Verma

Saumya Rani

Vol. 10, Jan-Dec 2024

Page Number: 34 - 42

Abstract:

In fluoride-endemic Bihar, India, drinking water contamination is a severe public health hazard. This research explores the health effects of fluoride-related toxicity in rural Bihar, where groundwater fluoride levels surpass the WHO's 1.5 mg/L standard. In susceptible groups, long-term fluoride exposure has caused bone and dental fluorosis, cognitive deficits, renal issues, and thyroid abnormalities. This study examines societal and infrastructure factors that sustain fluoride toxicity. Technical and financial challenges hinder Reverse Osmosis (RO) and defluoridation unit deployment and maintenance. Groundwater pollution is exacerbated by public misunderstanding and hostility to new water treatment methods. Fluoride levels in Nawada, Rohtas, Gaya, and Bhojpur are 2.7–4.5 mg/L, reflecting the horrible reality. Numerous people have fluorosis. Efficacy and community participation difficulties cause variable success. The report advocates economical and sustainable water filtration technology, regulatory changes to monitor water quality, and fluoride mitigation in climate change adaptation methods to minimize fluoride toxicity. Program sustainability depends on community involvement and vulnerable population education and awareness. Governments, nonprofits, and communities must collaborate to combat fluoride poisoning. Nanofiltration membranes, solar-powered defluoridation systems, rainfall collection, and artificial groundwater replenishment should be researched. A combined strategy using technology, policy, and community participation may minimize fluoride exposure and enhance health.

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